Doctor Agronomist Guido Bissanti

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The Peoples of Africa

 

THE PEOPLES OF AFRICA

(Temporany Translation)

 
MASAI


The alive tribe of the Masai in the East Africa them, mostly occupies the Tanzania and the Kenya. Their prevailing activity is the pastorizia nomadic, but today some groups are become to you agriculturists. They have a true one and own industry of the latte ones, on which they fuse the greater part of the alimony. For the defense of the herds they are capacities to being warlike, armed with nozzle with long blade and svelta, with straight sword and shield oval in leather. Their life print on the phenomenon of the solar cycles that is day and night, and changing of the seasons. From always they have lead a life from nomads and they live of breeding, for this the presences of great pastures and giacimenti of water are fundamental for their survival. For they the Earth is sacred does not have to be absolutely cultivated some to use in order to dig pools, the corpses cannot be buried but they come given in meal to the animals of the savana. E' impossible to meet a guerriero Masai lacking in perfectly sharpenned nozzle. They have a great beautiful presence, are much high, deprive of fat person, they cure their image very. Their clothing seems painted, a picture, the colors of is fundamental part. Drappi that they wrap the bodies are of red color and blue, the men wear shuka that is one covered to chess red, the women, as of any etnia they cure and they decorate the own image in the minimums details, embellish the own image slanciata with flat necklaces decorated from rather showy perline and "important" clasps. A material a lot used for ornaments to it is the copper with which they compose great spirals for wrists and ankles. Both seies apply to the heavy lobes ornament that of they provoke an excessive lengthening. The Masai believes that the God of the Ngai rain has donated they all the cattle, and therefore anyone possesses some only can have it stolen to they, this for long years was reason of contrast between the various tribes.
The women carry hats shaved to you and dresses adorn you of perline. The first years of the Masai come lived with spensieratezza and tranquillity, subsequently, as soon as not grown, the children must be in a position to facing the quotidianità, the females must know to make the house matters while the males must know to attend to the cattle. In the Masai tribe it becomes itself guerrieri to 14 years and, after the circoncisione, the boy alone must for ritual living in a small encampment for approximately eight years before being able to return to the village and to be able themselves to marry.
The parents can decide the wedding of the own daughter when this is still child the important is that the spouse has of the cattle to give in exchange. To both seies he comes carried out the circoncisione, during the operation to the boys is not granted any to cry some to scream to difference of the girls to which he is allowed. The Masai wedding can only happen if the man gia has completed the thirty years of age that is when it is by now guerriero and certainty is one that these possegga a sure number of cattle. As far as the feeding the guerriero people nutre of animals of small ransom like sheep or goats, when the killing of one of the two no part of the animal happens comes discarded, even come themselves use you are the hooves are the boneses.
The Masai lives in poor huts constructed with made of essiccate animals and coppers, generally are the women who are interested are of procurare the material are of the construction. The "stable ones" have ovoidale shape, to the outside are recintati from spiny coppers, than they make you from protection from the feracious animals. The men have a free bigamismo, that is can marry how many women wish, the girls from the nine to thirteen years can liberations have sexual relationships before the wedding. When the woman abandons the parental home, the father from the own blessing sputando them on the neck a sorso of latte, to the girl is not possible to turn behind once left the house, in how much second a Masai legend, if he had himself to be turned could become of stone. Before the wedding the young person comes introduced the relatives of the man who, pull to them lean dung of vacca and they insult it in order to render it more fort and to put it to the test innanzi to the difficulties of the life.


ZULÙ


The Zulù is a fundamental part of the Ngui populations, lives mainly in the Natal. E' one "modern" tribe in the sense that not ago part from much time to the described population over. It has played fundamental roles in the history African. Initially the Zulù was a clan of the Mtetwa tribe who made part of the reign of Dingiswayo.


AKAN


The Akan is people of Western Africa, than alive great part of the region from the Ivory Coast to the Togo. They speak various languages about the Kwa family, that we can divide in two groups correspondents to an ancient subdivision of the stirpe. The families are patriarcali, based on many members group to you in clan are matrilineari are patrilineari; the various tribes are straight from an elective head and were grouped in federations today melted. The religion of the Akan is animista even if much diffuse they are the rituals sincretismi and the Christianity; in this territory they are present secret societies, is male that feminine, that they today occupy tutt' great space in the social one. The Akan has an agricultural economy, famous importance has the plantations of palms. The traditional apparel introduces colors lives to us and is a lot decorated, the traditional rooms has rectangular plant, is composed from three rooms, with the walls in clay and the roof of straw. The art of the Akan introduces a diversity of styles and topics, like the smallest weights of brass, work to you with the technique of the "lost wax". The weights represent proverbi tribali and legends. A lot practiced is the art of the carving of the wood, often circular stools are produced or rectangular with the seat incurvato supported from cariatidi it connects you to the cult of the ancestors: in order to receive the homage of its descendants the spirit of the defunct one returns to seat where it made from alive.


BEDOUINS


Bedouin is the italianizzato name with which we can define the arabatizzati nomads that live in steppes and deserts from the Mesopotamia to the Sahara. Their tribe is composed from numerous patrilineari families with patriarcale structure, tutt' today the nomads lives in encampments, constituted from the typical ones stretches black (BEIT) composed from strisce of stoffa of goat wool. The economy of the Bedouins is pastorale, it is based on the breeding of the dromedario of the goat and the horse.


MALGASCI


The Malgasci lives in the Madagascar and they are divided in various populations with various lineamenti, in common have but the color of the skin that changes tone, the smooth hats much as far as the Merina, while for how much I regarded groups more Africans the hats are rather lanosi. Any person pertaining to the group of the Malgasci Parla dialetto indonesiano, an official language is the Malagasy, that she derives from dialetto the Merina. The religion is based on the Christianity diffused from the Europeans. As far as the apparel in the villages the ancient traditions are still alive that is perizoma lumbar and a cape as far as the man, while the women wear a dress tightened along. The room is a monospace with two spioventi roofs.


TUAREG


The Tuareg is people of the allocated North Africa mostly in the Sahara centers them and southern center. In comparison to the structure of the arabatizzati Berbers, the Tuareg is distinguished for the high stature, has a corporatura much longilinea, the head high and lengthened with the round ace in which is evidenced a nearly aquiline nose and the eye with the most particular eyelid. Initially this tribe was composed from nomadic shepherds, than subsequently divennero skillful breeders of camels and horses, much diffusing is the working of silver, the skins, the mats, the carpets and of woven it realizes to you with the camel wool. The Tuareg lives in of stretches of poligonale shape composed from mats or skins sheep or goat sewn between they, the inner part are divided in two parts, in one you live the head of the family and the sons of male sex, in the other the mother and the daughters females not still married. As far as the apparel, the greater number of the Tuareg wears the typical traditional clothing: for the wide man a casacca short, pants with the horse a lot come down, large toga and a typical hat composed from a wrapped cap of red felt in a great black veil, white man or blue from which small opening for the eyes appears only one; the women instead, wear a half-hidden long skirt from a casacca, and frequently from a great cape that covers from the head to the feet, their face is always uncovered.

Guido Bissanti

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